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White wine grape variety grown in Apulia
Fiano b., an important ancient grape variety present in the regions of southern Italy, has been cultivated for a long time in Apulia and is suitable throughout the region.
Fiano b. is an ancient grape variety found in some regions of southern Italy, whose cultivation dates back to Roman times (Carlucci, 1907). In Apulia, under the Angevins (from the 13th to the 15th centuries), it reached a high level of notoriety.
Apiano, Fiana, Fiore mendillo, Foiano, Latina bianca, Latino, Santa Sofia.
Shoot tip: expanded, fluffy, whitish, curved.
Leaf: medium-large, circular, polymorphous, most frequently pentalobate, sometimes trilobate or lobeless. Lyre-shaped, sometimes V or U-shaped petiole sinus. Closed, lyre-shaped upper lateral sinuses with partially overlapping lobes; open V or U-shaped lower lateral sinuses, if present. Flat blade with revolute margin. The upper side is smooth and bright green, the lower one is fluffy. Light green petiole.
Bunch: small-medium, fairly dense, pyramidshaped, with one well-developed wing.
Berry: small-medium, ellipsoidal. Hardly pruinose, coriaceous skin, golden yellow colour verging on amber with ripening on the side exposed to the sun.
Time of bud burst: intermediate-early
Flowering time: intermediate-early
Veraison: intermediate
Ripening: intermediate
Vigour: high
Average bunch weight: 240 g (min 150 g – max 390 g)
Average berry weight: 1.6 g (min 1.4 g – max 1.9 g)
Number of seeds per berry: 1 3
Average rachis weight: 10 g
Fertility of buds: 1 – 2
Potential fertility: 1.7
Actual fertility: 1.5
Adapts quite well to any kind of soil, although it thrives much better in loose and deep soils. Because of its con siderable vigour, pruning should be quite extensive. Consistent production. Subject to millerandage if rain falls during bloom.
Alcoholic content: 12 – 13.5 % by vol.
pH: 3.1 – 3.5
Total acidity: 6.5 – 9.5 g/l
In Apulia, Fiano b. makes an excellent fish wine and also, in the higher grade and slightly sweet type, a dessert wine. In addition, especially if the grapes are harvested in time and processed as a single variety, it is an excellent basis for the production of spumante charmat method wine.
The grapes of the Fiano b. vine are today used exclusively for vinification, whereas in the past, given its good keeping qualities, it was also partly used for consumption in its fresh state.
In Apulia, it is used for the production of QWpsr Locorotondo and Martina or Martina Franca.
The wine is pale straw yellow in colour (turning golden when fermented with pomace), with a pleasant, light, special aroma. Fresh, soft and dry taste, with a slight hint of toasted hazelnuts.
The Fiano b. vine has long been present in Apulia, where it enables the production of quality wine. It is registered among the varieties suitable for cultivation throughout the region.
Antonacci Donato
antonacci.dona@gmail.com
The data sheet of the Fiano b., revised and updated, is extracted from: Antonacci Donato (2006). Viti di Puglia, Adda publisher. Its use is granted by the author citing the source.
